Deleterious oral habits related to vertical, transverse and sagittal dental malocclusion in pediatric patients.

BACKGROUND: Malocclusion is highly reported among mixed dentition cases. Therefore, we aimed to determine the relationship of dental malocclusions in the vertical, transverse, sagittal planes with deleterious habits in pediatric patients. METHODS: A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out on 155 children aged 6-12 years attended at the clinic of the School of Dentistry of Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos in 2017. RESULTS: Among 155 evaluated patients, 45.3% had vertical malocclusion, 52.0% had sagittal malocclusion and 13.6% had transverse malocclusion. The most frequent type of malocclusion in the vertical plane was anterior deep bite (22.2%), in the transverse plane, the edge-to-edge bite (7.1%) and the anterior crossbite (6.5%) were less frequent. Finally, in the sagittal plane, Class II Div 1 (20%) and Class III (20.7%) were the most frequent. Among the most common deleterious habits, anteroposition (58.7%) and mixed breathing (51.0%) were observed in contrast to the habit of retroposition, lip sucking and mouth breathing, which were the least frequent. Considering age and sex, children who have an atypical swallowing habit are more likely to have malocclusion in all three planes of space. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that there is an association between the deleterious habits with the different types of malocclusions in the different planes of the space, being the atypical swallowing a habit that should be early diagnosed and treated interdisciplinary.

Variaciones de la frecuencia cardíaca, temperatura corporal y presión arterial en pacientes sometidos a cirugía de implantes dentales / Variações na frequência cardíaca, temperatura corporal e pressão arterial em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de implante dentário / Variations in heart rate, body temperature and blood pressure in patients undergoing dental implant surgery

Resumen: Objetivo: Determinar las variaciones de la frecuencia cardiaca, presión arterial y temperatura en pacientes con cirugía de implantes dentales. Métodos: Serie de casos clínicos que incluyó a 26 pacientes de 20 a 60 años de edad atendidos en el Centro Médico Naval "Cirujano Mayor Santiago Távara" (Lima. Perú). Se registró la temperatura, frecuencia cardiaca y presión arterial 5 min antes de la cirugía de implantes, 5 min después de la anestesia local y 5 minutos después de la cirugía. Para realizar las mediciones se utilizó un termómetro digital y un monitor digital de muñeca. Resultados: La temperatura corporal durante el preoperatorio fue de 36,9 ± 0,3 °C mientras que en el posoperatorio fue de 36,7°C ± 0,07 (p>0,05). La frecuencia cardiaca aumentó durante el intraoperatorio (80,3 ± 8 lat/min) y se restableció en el posoperatorio (72,5 ± 7,4 lat/min) (p<0,05). La presión arterial media en el intraoperatorio en promedio fue 100,14 ±6,35 mmHg mientras que en el posoperatorio fue 93,97 ± 7,57 mmHg (p<0,05). Conclusión: Las principales variaciones se encontraron desde el momento intraoperatorio hasta el posoperatorio en cuanto a la frecuencia cardiaca, presión arterial media, sistólica y diastólica; siendo parámetros relevantes para la consideración clínica.

Resumo: Objetivo: Determine as variações na freqüência cardíaca, pressão arterial e temperatura em pacientes com cirurgia de implante dentário. Métodos: Uma série de casos clínicos que incluíram 26 pacientes de 20 a 60 anos de idade atendidos no Centro Médico Naval "Prefeito Cirurgião Santiago Távara" (Lima, Peru). Temperatura, freqüência cardíaca e pressão arterial foram registradas 5 minutos antes da cirurgia do implante, 5 minutos após a anestesia local e 5 minutos após a cirurgia. Para a realização das medidas, foram utilizados termômetro digital e monitor de pulso digital. Resultados: A temperatura corporal no período pré-operatório foi de 36,9 ± 0,3 ° C, enquanto no pós-operatório foi de 36,7 ° C ± 0,07 (p> 0,05). A frequência cardíaca aumentou no intraoperatório (80,3 ± 8 batimentos / min) e foi restaurada no pós-operatório (72,5 ± 7,4 batimentos / min) (p <0,05). A pressão arterial média no período intraoperatório foi em média de 100,14 ± 6,35 mmHg, enquanto no pós-operatório foi de 93,97 ± 7,57 mmHg (p <0,05). Conclusão: As principais variações foram encontradas no momento intra-operatório para o pós-operatório em termos de frequência cardíaca, média, pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica; sendo parâmetros relevantes para consideração clínica.

Abstract: Objective: To determine the variations in heart rate, blood pressure and temperature in patients undergoing dental implant surgery. Methods: Series of clinical cases that included 26 patients aged 20 to 60 and treated at the Naval Medical Center "Cirujano Mayor Santiago Távara" (Lima, Peru). The temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure were recorded five minutes before implant surgery, five minutes after local anesthesia, and five minutes after surgery. A digital thermometer and a digital wrist monitor were used to take measurements. Results: Body temperature in the preoperative period was 36.9 ± 0.3 °C, while in the intra- and postoperative phase, it was 36.7 ± 0.07 °C (p>0.05). The heart rate increased in the intraoperative period (80.3 ± 8 beats/min) and was restored in the postoperative period (72.5 ± 7.4 beats/min) (p<0.05). The mean arterial pressure in the intraoperative period and on average was 100.14 ± 6.35 mmHg, while in the postoperative phase, it was 93.97 ± 7.57 mmHg (p<0.05). Conclusion: The main variations were found from the intraoperative to the postoperative moment in terms of heart rate, mean, systolic, and diastolic blood pressure. Therefore, these are relevant parameters for clinical consideration.